使役动词是表示使、令、让、帮、叫等意义的不完全及物动词,主要有leave(离开).get(得到).keep(保持).make(使,令),let(让), help(帮助), have(有;让;从事;允许)。下面小编告诉你英语中使令性动词用法，大家一起来看看吧!
英语中使令性动词用法:
的用法
1). have 宾语 省to不定式:表示主语“要”“使”“让”宾语干某事,宾语和宾补之间是一种主动关系.而且还可以与情态动词will, would连用,不用于被动结构.
The rich lady had the singer eat with his servants.
I will have him come and help you.
2). have 宾语 现在分词:表示让某人或物连续进行某动作或处于某状态中,宾语和宾补是一种主动关系.亦可转化为“劝说,鼓励”宾语干某事.
The two cheats had the lights burning all night long.
He had us waiting for him three hours yesterday.
I have them all talking to each other in English. 我鼓励他们用英语交谈.
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3). have 宾语 过去分词:表示主语的主观意志,即主语让别人为自己完成某事,宾语和宾补是动宾关系.还可以表示主语遭受到来利或不测的事.
Tom said he had had his TV set repaired.
Tom had his wallet stolen on the bus yesterday.
“别人”在句中一般不出现,这是它与结构1)的区别所在.试比较:
Have you washed your clothes? 你洗了衣服了吗?(自己洗)
Have you had your clothes washed? 你叫人洗了衣服了吗?(别人洗)
4). have 宾语 形容词/副词/介词短语作宾补
Please have your tickets ready.
The Emperor had nothing on.
I am sure I’ll have him in the argument.
的用法
1). let 宾语 省to不定式:表示主语“要”“使”“让”宾语干某事,宾语和宾补之间是一种主动关系,罕用于被动语态.有时也可指一种假设.let后不能接现在分词,过去分词作宾补.
Let them stay in the classroom and do their exercises themselves.
Let AB be equal to CD. 假设AB等于CD.
2). let 宾语 副词/介词短语作宾补
Let me in and let them out.
Who let you into the building?
的用法
1). make 宾语 省to不定式:表示主语“要”“使”“让”宾语干某事,宾语和宾补之间是一种主动关系.此结构常用被动结构.make后不接现在分词作宾补.
The teacher made the naughty boy stand there for an hour.
The naughty boy was made to stand there for an hour.
2).make 宾语 过去分词,此结构中的宾语指人时常用到反身代词.
He raised his voice to make himself heard.
Can you easily make yourself understood in English?
They will make an important plan known to the public soon.
3). make 宾语 形容词,宾语亦可是从句.
The news made her happy.
He made it clear that he objected to the proposal.
leave的三个意思与三类搭配:
1. 表示“离开”，注意以下用法:
(1) 表示离开某地，leave为及物动词，后面可直接跟表示地点的名词，不要按汉语习惯在其后用from或off。如:
他离开这个国家已经两年了。
误:It is two years since he left from the country.
正:It is two years since he left the country.
另外，汉语说“离开”，英语用leave就行了，不要将其直译为leave away。
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(2) 表示离开去某地，其后一般接介词for(通常不用to)，表示方向。如:
They are leaving for Paris. 他们要去巴黎了。
The plane leaves Heathrow for Orly at . 飞机于12点35分离开希思罗机场飞往奥利。
2. 表示“留下”，注意带双宾语的用法:
(1) 表示给某人留下某物，此时若双宾语交换位置，用介词 for引出间接宾语。如:
The left me no food.=They left no food for me. 他们没有给我留下食物。
Someone left you this note.=Someone left this note for you. 有人给你留下了这张条子。
(2) 表示某人死后留下某物，此时若双宾语交换位置，用介词to引出间接宾语。如:
My aunt left me a large fortune.=My aunt left a large fortune to me. 我姑妈死后给我留下一大笔财产。
3. 表示“交给”“留给”“让(处于某种状态)”等，注意以下句型:
(1) 用于 leave sth to [with] sb, 意为“把某物交给(委托给)某人”。如:
You’d better leave the matter to [with] me. 你最好把这事交给我办。
I’ll leave everything to [with] you then. 那么我就把一切都交给你了。
(2) 用于 leave sb to do sth, 意为“让某人去做某事”。如:
He left me to wash the clothes. 他让我去洗衣服。
She left me to take care of her baby. 她托我照看她的婴儿。
(3) 用于 leave sb doing sth, 意为“让某人做某事(处于做某事的状态中)”。如:
His letter left me feeling pretty bad. 他的信让我感到很难受。
They walked off and left me sitting there all by myself. 他们走开了，让我孤零零一个人坐在那儿。
“leave+宾语+现在分词”的用法:
1. 表示“听任/使 ......处于某种状态”，这时，leave属于要求宾语补足语的及物动词，意思是“使”、“让”等，宾语后面的现在分词短语是宾语补足语。例如:
She left her baby crying. 她任凭她的宝宝哭个不停。(摘自外研社、建宏《英汉多功能词典》)
The teacher left the students feeling very depressed. 这位老师使学生感到很沮丧。(摘自赵振才编著:《英语常见问题解答大辞典》)
2. leave 的意思是“离开”，宾语后面的现在分词是状语。例如:
He left the room crying. 他哭着离开了房间。
【注意】有时候，一个句子可能有两种意思。例如:
She left him holding the baby. 可以表示:
(1) 她抱着婴儿离开了他。(= She left him, with the baby in her arms.)
(2) 她让他继续抱着婴儿。(= She kept him holding the baby.)
leave sth for sb与leave sth to sb的用法:
1. leave to/for 当表示把某物留给某人处理的时候，很多时候是可以互换的。见Cambriddge Dictionary字典leave 词条的解释。
2. leave 表示某人死后留下遗产时，用leave ..to sb. 其实，这仅是常见用法，但并不是说绝对不能用for. 请看英美报刊的句子:
例:Why One Young Houston Couple Won't Leave $4 Billion Fortune for Their Three Children?
BILL GATES appeared on This Morning today where he spoke about why he will not be leaving his mega fortune to his children when he dies.
3. 有时to 和for 不能互换。例如:May I leave a message for him? 这里要用for, 不能用to. 因为你把留言交给对方转交第三方，第三方是真正的接受者，所以用for。实际上, 你对转交人而言可以用to. 只不过在逻辑上往往讲不通。如果你说I'll leave a message to him. 不合乎逻辑，因为他当时不在，你怎么给他?如果你说I'll leave a message to you. 也不太合适，因为你的信息是给别人的。如果是给you, you就在你面前，leave a message 不合乎逻辑。当然在特殊的语境下，有这样用的可以能。如上级发了个春节放假通知，别人都知道了，你还不知道，我可以说I'll leave this notice to you. 当然这里也可以用for.
