动词的-ing形式包括了传统语法中所说的动名词(gerund)和现在分词(present participle)。下面小编告诉你高中英语动词ing用法，大家一起来看看吧!
高中英语动词ing用法:
(1)动词的-ing形式时态
①一般式
一般式所表示的动作或状态与谓语动词所表示的动作或状态几乎同时发生或发生在谓语动词之后。
I enjoy learning English.我喜欢学英语。
My wife hates smoking.我妻了憎恨抽烟。
I saw them playing under a big tree.看见他们正在大树下玩。(同时)
Working hard，you'll be successful.努力工作你就会成功。(稍前)
We met an accident, causing the delay.我们遇到了车祸，所以晚了。(稍后)
②完成式
完成式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。
She didn't remember having met him before. 她不记得从前见过他了。
Not having received a reply, he decided to write again. 没有收到回信，他决定再写一封。
Having finished my work, I sat down to have a rest. 完成了工作之后，我坐下来休息。
Having been there many times, I know the city very much.我去过那儿多次，所以我很了解该市。
③完成进行式
完成进行式表示其动作在谓动词之前己经开始，一直持续到谓语动词发生时为止，且有可能仍在继续的动作。
I was satisfied for his having been looking after me day and night.他日夜照料我，我很满意。
Forgive me for my having been troubling you.原谅我打扰了你。
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(2)动词的-ing形式的语态
动词的-ing形式有主动和被动两种形式，主动式通常表示它的逻辑主语是其动作的执行者;被动式通常表示逻辑主语是动作的承受者时。
①主动语态
Walking in the street yesterday afternoon, he came across Mr. Smith.昨天他在大街上散步时遇到了史密斯先生。
His often coming late made his boss very angry.他经常迟到使他的老板很恼火。
②被动语态
动词的-ing形式的被动语态分为一般式和完成式两种。一般式(being done)表示一个被动动作正在进行，或与谓语动词的动作同时发生;完成式(having been done)表示一个被动动作发生在谓语动词的动作之前。
He has always insisted on his being called Dr. Turner instead of Mr. Turner.他坚持让人家叫他特纳博士而不是特纳先生。
Do you mind Jam’s being left alone at home? 让詹姆自己在家你介意吗?
While shopping, people sometimes can't help being persuaded into buying something they don't really need.买东西时，人们有时情不自禁的被说服买一些他们确实不需要的东西。
I noticed the boy being beaten by his mother.我注意到那男孩挨他母亲的打。
Having been cheated many times, she now believes in nobody. 由于多次受骗，所以她现在对任何人都不信任。
③-动词的-ing形式主动式表被动含义
a. 在形容词worth之后的动名词，用主动形式表达被动含义。
---What do you think of the book? 你认为这本书怎么样?
---Oh, excellent. It’s worth reading a second time. 奥，很好。值得再读一次。
The film is well worth reading.这部电影很值得看。
b. 在动词want, need, require后跟动名词的主动形式表达被动含义，当然这几个动词也可以跟不定式的被动形式去表达此意。二者无任何区别。
This sentence needs improving.= This sentence needs to be improved.这个句子需要改。
The room requires cleaning. =The room requires to be cleaned.房间需要打扫了。
My hair wants cutting. = My hair wants to be cut.我的头发需要理了。
现在分词的基本概念与基本形式:
与动名词一样，现在分词也是非谓动词的一种形式，它一般也是由动词原形后加词尾-ing构成，也就是说，现在分词与动名词在形式上是一样的。现在分词在句子中主要用作表语、宾语补足语、定语、状语等。如:
It is astonishing to me that he should be absent. 他竟未出席令我惊讶。
I saw him out posing in his new sports car. 我看见他开着他的崭新跑车招摇过市。
The story had a satisfying ending. 这故事有一个令人满意的结局。
Today's paper carries an exciting account of the match. 今天的报纸刊载了这场比赛的精彩报道。
The actor playing the father was too wooden. 饰演父亲的演员太呆板。
Seeing the police, he made a run for the exit. 一看到警察他就向出口奔去。
Finding a gap, she thrust through the brambles. 她发现了一处缺口，于是便从带刺的灌木丛中钻了过去。
现在分词的一般式和完成式:
(1) 现在分词的一般式即现在分词的基本形式doing，也就是动词原形加上词尾-ing后所采用的形式。如:
There were some children swimming in the river. 有些小孩在河里游泳。
I didn’t talk much to the man sitting next to me. 我没和坐在我旁边的人多讲话。
The taxi taking us to the airport broke down. 送我们去机场的出租车中途坏了。
He is talking to a girl resembling Joan. 他在和一个貌似琼的姑娘谈话。
The woman washing the dishes is my aunt. 洗盘子的那个妇女是我姑妈。
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(2) 现在分词的完成式为having done，也就是将动词现在完成时have done的第一个词(have)改为现在分词。如:
Having invited him here to speak, we’d better go to his lecture. 我们邀请他来这儿讲演，所以我们最好去听讲。
Having talked to the witnesses I now have a better idea (of) what happened. 我与证人谈过话，现在对所发生的事情更清楚了。
Having bought out all his partners he now owns the whole company. 他买下合夥人的全部股份，现在整个公司是他的了。
Not having received an answer, she decided to write him another letter. 由于没得到他的回信，她决定再给他写一封信。
The river having risen in the night, the crossing was impossible. 夜里河水上涨，渡河不可能了。
Having spent 25 years righting his own mistakes, he is anxious that children should not waste opportunities. 他花了25年的时间弥补自己的过失，因此他非常渴望孩子们不要错失良机。
现在分词主动式与被动式用法比较:
一、现在分词的主动式
现在分词的主动式表明它与其逻辑主语之间为主动关系。如:
Nodding, I went to get my purse. 我点了点头就去拿钱包。
Hearing the news, she broke into tears. 听到这个消息，她就哭了起来。
Walking on tiptoe, I approached the little window. 我踮着脚，走近那个小窗户。
Considering everything, it wasn’t a bad holiday. 考虑到各种情况，这次假期过得不错。
Taking everything into consideration, they ought to get another chance. 考虑到各种因素，应该再给他们一次机会。
Writing hurriedly as she was, she didn’t notice the spelling errors. 因为写得仓促，她没有注意其中的拼写错误。
同样，现在分词主动式的完成式也表示它与其逻辑主语之间为主动关系，但动作的完成时间要先于谓语动词。如:
Having bought the house, they couldn’t afford to furnish it. 买了房子之后，他们没钱配家具。
Having found a hotel, we looked for somewhere to have dinner. 在找好旅馆之后，我们就去找吃饭的地方。
Having increased our manufacturing facilities, we are advertising to obtain more users. 增加了生产设备以后，我们做广告争取更多的用户。
Having compared the new dictionary with [to, and] the old one, he found the new one more helpful. 将新旧词典比较之后，他发现新词典更有用。
Having noted down our names and addresses, the policeman dismissed us. 那警察把我们的姓名和地址记下之后就让我们走了。
二、现在分词的被动式
现在分词的被动式表明它与其逻辑主语之间为被动关系。如:
Being given a chance, she immediately jumped at it. 给了她这个机会，她立刻抓住。
Being well taken care of, she recovered quickly. 她受到很好的照顾，身体恢复得很快。
Being written in haste, the composition is full of mistakes. 这篇文章仓促写成，故错误百出。
Being protected by a wall, he felt quite safe. 有一堵墙保护，他感到很安全。
同样，现在分词被动式的完成式也表示它与其逻辑主语之间为被动关系，但动作的完成时间要先于谓语动词。如:
Having been warned about the bandits, he left his valuables at home. 听到关于强盗出没的警告，他把贵重物品都留在家里了。
Having been bitten twice, the postman refused to deliver our letters unless we chained our dog up. 邮递员被狗咬了两次之后要我们把狗拴起来，不然就不给我们送信了。
Having been asked to stay, I couldn’t very well leave. 既然要我留下，我就不好走了。
Having been duly warned that I would get nowhere with my application, I went right ahead and applied anyway. 虽然有人适时提醒我这样的申请不会有什么结果，我还是执意提出了申请。
