在语法里，时或时态表示行为发生的时间和说话时的关系。时态是表示行为、动作、状态在各种时间条件下的动词形式，下面是小编收集整理的英语时态之现在完成时，大家一起来看看吧!
英语时态之现在完成时:
终止性动词(亦称点动词)如come(来)，go(去)，leave(离开)，buy(买)，borrow(借)，join(参加)，die(去世)，marry(结婚)，lose(失去)，begin(开始)，stop(停止)，get up(起床)等表示的动作有一个终点，到了终点就不再延续。也就是说，此类动词只表示短暂的动作，因此不能与表示延续的时间状语连用:
不可以说:I've left New York for three days.
可以说:I've been away from New York for three days.(这时需要 使用be动词来表示延续的状态)
可以说:I left New York three days ago.我是3天前离开纽约的。
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如果现在完成时的谓语动词是持续较短的动态动词(点动词)，通常用否定结构;在这种情况下可以和表示一段时间的短语连用。因为点动词的这种否定结构构成一种状态，而这一状态是可以持续的:
They haven't written to me for3years.他们有3年没有给我写信了。
She hasn't left home for several days.她已有几天没有出门了。(表示“足不出户”这一状态)
They haven't visited us since2000.自2000年以来他们就没有拜访过我们。
表示短暂动作的动词用于完成时，通常表示目前的结果:
She's recovered from her illness.她已经痊愈。(含义是:目前状况良好)
I must go back;I've left(=forgotten to bring)my car keys(be-hind).我必须回去，我忘了带汽车钥匙。(含义是:我现在开不了汽车门。)
English has borrowed words from many languages.英语借用了很多其他语言的词汇。(含义是:仍会借用其他语言的词汇。)
现在完成时的用法:
用法一:表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果.常与just(刚刚),already(已经),never(从来没有),ever(曾经),before(以前),yet(仍然),
once(一次),twice(两次),many times(很多次),how many times(多少次),so far(迄今为止),during the past(last)three years(最近三年来)等连用.
※副词的位置:①just常用于肯定句中,放在have / has后,He has just come .
②never表示否定, 放在have / has后, He has never visited the Great Wall.
③ever用于疑问句中,句型为: Have / Has+主语+ever +过去分词?“…曾经……过吗?”用于询问某人过去的经历.Have you ever been to the farm?
④before用于句末,The woman has never heard of that before.
⑤yet 用于句末或not 之后.Has the train arrived yet? No, not yet.
⑥already用于肯定句, have / has 之后或句末.We have already finished it.
⑦so far用于句首或句末. So far, we have visited the moon.
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用法二:表示过去已经开始,一直延续到现在的动作或状态.时间状语有:
①for+表示一段时间的词语I have taught English for 19 years.
②since+表示过去时间点的词语He has been at this school since 1986.
③since+表示过去的时间状语从句I have lived here since I was born.
④since+一段时间+ago. I have known him since 20 years ago.
现在完成时表示持续:
该用法的现在完成时表示一个过去发生的动作或开始的状语在过去并未完成或结束，而是一直持续到现在，并且有可能继续下去(也可能到此结束)，如汉语说“他在我们学校教书已有30年了”，显然“他在我们学校教书”是从30年前开始，并且一直教到现在，已经持续了30年;又如汉语说“自上个星期以来他一直很忙”，显然“忙”是从上个星期开始的，并且这一“忙”就一直忙到现在。如:
He has taught in our school for 30 years. 他在我们学校教书已有30年了。
He has been busy since last week. 自上个星期以来他一直很忙。
He has worked for us ever since he left school. 他离开学校以后就一直为我们工作。
英语现在完成时巩固练习题:
1.----You’ve agreed to go, so why aren’t you getting ready?
----But I _______ that you _______ us to start at once.
A don’t realize, want B don’t realize, wanted
C haven’t realized, want D didn’t realize, wanted
答案:D
2. The house is dirty.
We _______it for weeks.
A didn’t clean B hadn’t cleaned
C don’t clean D haven’t cleaned
答案:D
3.-----_______ the sports meet might be put off.
---- Yes, it all depends on the weather.
A I’ve been told B I’ve told C I’m told D I told
答案:A
4.---- I’m sorry to keep you waiting.
---Oh, not at all. I _______ here only a few minutes.
A have been B had been C was D will be
答案:A
5.-How long have you ____ here ?
-about two months .
A. been B. gone C. come D. arrived
答案:A
6.一When shall we restart our business?
一Not until we ______ our plan.
A. will finish B. are finishing
C. are to finish D. have finished
答案:D
7.—We’ve spent too much money recently.
—Well, it isn’t surprising. Our friends and relatives ______ around all the time.
A. are coming B. had come
C. were coming D. have been coming
答案:D
8.—Why do you want to work for our company?
—This is the job that I ______ for.
A. looked B. am to look
C. had looked D. have been looking
答案:D
