英语动词是句子的核心。它既决定着句子意思的表达同时又决定着句子的语法结构。首先,要分清及物不及物动词。下面小编告诉你英语及物动词用法区别,大家一起来看看吧!
英语及物动词用法区别:
1、及物动词是必须带宾语的动词,可分为如下两类。
1) 及物动词+宾语例:I love my home. 我爱我家。
He bought an English dictionary. 他买了一本英语词典。
2) 及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语例:
She taught us maths. 她教我们数学。
My mother gave me a new pen. 母亲给了我一支新钢笔。
提示:常用的能接双宾语的及物动词有:
give, teach, buy, lend, find, hand, leave, sell, show,
read, pay, make, offer, build, pass, bring, cook等。
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2、 不及物动词不需要跟宾语,本身意义完整。
例:She came last week. 她上周来的。
It is raining hard. 正下着大雨。
Class began at half past seven. 7点半开始上课。
What happened yesterday? 昨天发生了什么事?
完全及物动词和不完全及物动词的定义:
1. 完全及物动词(Complete transitive verb):指只需接宾语而无需接宾语补足语意思就完整的动词。
I bought half a kilo of tea. 我买了半公斤茶叶。
She accepted his gift. 她接受了他送的礼物。
He has achieved his ambition. 他实现了他的雄心。
Don’t thank me; thank everyone who helped you. 别谢我,谢每一位帮助过你的人。
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2. 不完全及物动词(Incomplete transitive verb):指除了宾语还需要在宾语后接宾语补足语意思才完整的动词。
He has painted the chair black. 他将椅子漆成黑色。
They made me repeat the story. 他们逼我又把那事讲了一遍。
I saw him stand up and go out. 我看见他站起来,然后就走了出去。
We’re glad to see the trees growing so well. 看到树长得这么好,我们很高兴。
He found the lost child hiding in the cave. 他发现这个丢失的小孩躲在山洞里。
look可用作及物动词和不及物动词为什么后面要加at:
一般来说,有些动词是及物和不及物兼而有之。此时,不及物者往往表示“动作”,及物者往往表示“结果”。请看例句:
She talked with him about the matter. 关于此事她跟他进行了交谈。
She tried to talk him into taking a week's vacation. 她力图说服他去度一个星期的假。
He looked at the blackboard. 他看黑板。
He looked me up and down. 他上下打量了我。
He walked with her. 他同她一起散步。
He walked her to her car. 他陪她走到她的汽车那儿。
换言之,表示动作时,look 是不及物动词,需要加介词at,表示结果时,look 是及物动词,不加介词。
adhere用及物动词和不及物动词的理解:
▲在现代英语中,adhere 只用作不及物动词,意思是“黏附,附着”;若语义上需要后接宾语,则要先接介词。如:
The tiles may not adhere properly if you do not use the correct glue. 胶水用得不合适,瓷砖就可能粘不牢。
Gum adhered to the sole of my shoe. 口香糖粘在住了我的鞋底。
The face power adheres well to the skin. 这种扑面粉黏附力很强。
Paste is used to make one surface adhere to another. 糨糊是用以使一个接触面粘住另一个接触面的。
▲另外,adhere还用于习语 adhere to,表示“坚持; 信守”。如:
Most countries have adhered to the convention. 大多数国家都遵守这个公约。
The aim is to get each member country to adhere to a single set of rules. 目标就是使每个成员国都遵守一套单一的规则。
College coaches have to adhere to the rules about recruiting high school students. 大学教练不得不遵守招收高中学生的规则。
