考研英语转译技巧

在翻译过程中，由于汉语和英语两种语言在语法和表达习惯上的差异，有时必须改变原文某些词语的词性或句子成分才能有效地传达原文的准确意思。这就涉及到转译法。转译法分为两种:词性的转换和句子成分的转换。(1)词性的转换。例:The growing awareness by millions of Africans of their extremely poor and backward living conditions has prompted them to take resolute measures and create new ones.。翻译:数以百万计的非洲人已逐渐意识到他们的生活状况异常贫穷落后，这就促使他们采取坚决措施去创造新的生活条件。(句子来自高级英语，原文当中的名词变划成动词)。(2)句子成分的转换。例:Traditionally, legal learning has been viewed in such institutions as the special preserve of lawyers, rather than a necessary part of the intellectual equipment of an educated person.(2007年真题，考研真相试卷版58页)翻译:传统上，这些院校一直把学习法律看成是律师的特权，而不是每一个受教育的人必备的知识才能。(被动语态变主动语态，符合汉语思维。)

考研英语定语从句翻译技巧

⑴定语从句的译法口诀: 解放定语，采用分译(法)。即将主句独立译出，将从句译成状语从句、并列分句、独立句子等等。Eg. It is a pity that the palace which was rich in ornament and and beauties in the old days was destroyed in the civil war.翻译:过去那座宫殿装修豪华，宫嫔如云。只可惜后来毁于内战。(定语译成独立句子。)⑵状语从句的翻译口诀: 语法不变，位置灵活，可居后前。(状语可以放在主句后面，也可以放在主句前面)Eg. The Greek assumed that the structure of language had some connection with the process of thought, which took in Euroup long before people realized how diverse language could be (2004年翻译真题)翻译: 古希腊人认语言结构同思维过程之间存在某种关系。早在人们认识到各种语言的千差万别之前，这种看法就扎根于欧洲。

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